TITRATION
NEUTRALIZATION
QUANTITATIVE
ANALYSIS
Relating to the amount. E.g. volumetric analysis.
Acid (+) + Base (-) --> Salt + Water
QUALITATIVE
Use agents to find out info. Identification of ions and gases.
TITRATION
2 agents, reducing and oxidizing
REDOX
ACID-BASE
Titration - To calculate the concentration of the unknown solution.
REDUCTION
OXIDATION
Analyte - Solution with unknown concentration
Standard Solution - Solution with known concentration
Titrant/Titre - Placed in conical flask. It is the analyte.
Indicator - Makes colorless solution change into a colored solution when reaction is complete.
1) PHENOPTHALIN - Colorless in acidic solutions, turns pink in alkaine solutions.
2) METHAL ORANGE - Red in acidic solution, and changes to a shade of yellow as solution gets more alkaline.
3) LITMUS SOLUTION - Red in acidic solution ,blue in alkaline solution.
ENDPOINT/EQUIVALENCE - All the acid gets neutralized by base.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
- Acid
- Base
- Indicator
- Pipette
- Burette
- Pipette filler
- Conical flask
- Retort stand
- Filter funnel
Figure 2. Process of titration
Figure 1. Titration set up
Figure 3. Titration curve
Ionic equation for neutralization:
acid
base