ECOLOGY
Abiotic Factors: Non-living factors, such as pH, salinity, wind speed, type of soil, etc.
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Biotic Factors: Living factors in an ecosystem, such as the plants and animals.
***When considering a food chain or food web, the producers are always autotrophs and all consumers are heterotrophs. This is because producers can make their own organic compounds, while consumers have to feed on other living organisms by ingestion to obtain their organic compounds.
Ingestion is the taking in of a substance. In animals, ingestion takes place through the mouth, but it could occur by any other means to allow entry into the body.
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Herbivores are consumers who feed solely on producers.
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Primary consumers feed on producers.
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Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers
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Tertiary consumers feed on secondary consumers.
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Carnivores are consumers who feed solely on other consumers.
Commensalism - One organism benefits and the other is unaffected. ​
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Parasitism - One organism benefits and the other is harmed.
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Mutualism - Where both organisms benefit.
Ecology Presentation
***For more detailed explanation, check out Photosynthesis in DP Biology, and Ecology in MYP Biology